THE INFLUENCE OF NATURAL LANDSCAPE AND CHINESE TRADITIONS TO TRANSFORMATION OF ART NOUVEAU AND NATIONAL ROMANTICISM ARCHITECTURE IN CHINA

Authors

  • Nikolay Mefodiyovych Dyomin Doctor of architecture, professor, President of the Union of Urbans of Ukraine, Vice-president of Ukrainian Academy of Architecture, the Head of the cathedra of Town building
  • Yulia Vadymivna Ivashko Kiev National University of Construction and Architecture
  • Shuan Li architect

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.20.3.18961

Keywords:

Art Nouveau architecture, China, natural landscape, transformation

Abstract

Introduction

The actuality of this theme connects with problems of function, protection and restoration of the Art-nouveau (A.N.) heritage in Chinese towns, which consists more than 200 objects. Necessary to mean the scientific works of  Liu Daping and Van Yang [7], A.Ivanova [1], T. Johston [5], B. Lane Miller [6], S. Levoshko [3], M. Marinelli, L.Sadovski [8],  Wang Chaolu  [11] and Yuan Binjiu [12]. and many others, who marked the domination role of Chinese natural and cultural conditions to forming of versions Art-nouveau and North National Romanticism in China. But in their  scientific researches in whole describes the architectural objects and more less the problems of existing of this objects in natural environment.

That’s why necessary to mark the main role of Buddhism and Taoism for forming the ancient Chinese landscape traditions, because later this Chinese original traditions led to change the European A.N. architecture in Chinese settlements.

 

Methods

The aim of this research was to analyze the process of transformation the Art-nouveau (A.N.) and North National Romanticism in China and the role of natural landscape in this process. The main methods of investigation was the method of the systematic-structural analyze/ With this method were determined the main role of natural landscape and Chinese traditions for impression of the A.N. objects in China.

 

Results

The main changes between the European A.N. and Chinese version of A.N. connected with differences in natural landscape. The European objects were situated in the regular town-planning system without trees and parks. The main feature of traditional Chinese architecture forming in continue of centuries was the organic connection between nature and building with the  domination of natural landscape. That is why the town-planning situation in Chinese centres of A.N. and National Romanticism architecture differ so  strongly from the European town-planning situation. Chinese objects in most cases situated in parks and in architectural complex dominate the natural landcsape with picturesque hills, exotic trees and flowers and lakes with golden fishes.

The specific features of nature in different parts of China determined the impression of A.N. objects (the A.N. objects and objects of North National Romanticism in German  settlement Qingdao with subtropical climate differ strongly from similar objects at Russian settlements Harbin, Shenyang  and  Dalyan in Nortern-East part of China). Really, the changing landscape was the main  reason for  transformation the European architectural style for Chinese conditions.

 

Conclusions

The scientific novelty of   research:

– were analyzed in complex and argued the  role of nature conditions and natural landscape in process of transformation the Art-nouveau architecture in Chinese settlments, the A.N. objects in China surround the picturesque gardens with exotic plants;

- was determined at the base of methodology of system-structural analyze that the A.N. objects in China differs strongly from the European examples of A.N. and North National romanticism not only in forms but more in natural environment. There is the original situation of existing the brutal gray objects of North National romanticism with granite blocks among the color Chinese landscape, that why its determine the protection not only the A.N. buildings but the natural arrangement too;

- the existing of A.N. objects in China along the natural landscape led to transformation this territory into the protective national parks and touristic zones.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.20.3.18961

Author Biographies

Nikolay Mefodiyovych Dyomin, Doctor of architecture, professor, President of the Union of Urbans of Ukraine, Vice-president of Ukrainian Academy of Architecture, the Head of the cathedra of Town building

Doctor of architecture, professor, President of the Union of Urbans of Ukraine, Vice-president of Ukrainian Academy of Architecture, the Head of  the cathedra of Town building, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture

Yulia Vadymivna Ivashko, Kiev National University of Construction and Architecture

Doctor of architecture, professor, Kiev National University of Construction and Architecture, the cathedra of  the Basis of Architecture and architectural projecting

Shuan Li, architect

architect, Kiev National University of Construction and Architecture, the cathedra of  the Basis of Architecture and architectural projecting

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Published

2017-12-14

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Articles