Retrospective Analysis of Sustainable Architecture: Mind-Mapping Development of Ideas and Expression

Abstract

This research focuses on the historical development of sustainable architecture. The study highlights the dynamic interrelation between ethics and aesthetics, it identifies the key concepts, trends that are relevant today in order to achieve harmonious co-existence between humans and nature. The article consists of six chapters that chronologically highlight the important developmental turns of environmentally oriented architecture: 1-collision between industrial and natural in the 19^th and early 20^th centuries, 2-at the edge of the modern movement, 3-environmental awakening in 1960s – 1970s, 4-the wind of change in 1980s, 5-the rise of sustainable architecture in 1990s and the emerging complexity of design, 6-sustainability in architecture as a global phenomenon. The concluding section summarizes and generalizes the findings. It also presents the existing problems, offering insights for the future development. The methodology of the research includes literature review, critical analysis, comparative analysis, and systematization. The mind mapping technique and timeline construction are applied as tools in the study to extract the core ideas and developmental shifts from the linear historical analysis.